Disclaimer and methodology

Applies to all reports on this site. Last updated November 9, 2026.

What this site is

VoterConfirm is a news and research publication. Our reports compile, compare and visualize publicly available election data to help readers understand where and how vote totals changed between elections. They're journalism and analysis, not an official record.

We aren't an election authority, and we aren't affiliated with any secretary of state, county election office, the Federal Election Commission, the U.S. Election Assistance Commission or any campaign or party. Nothing here is a certification, audit, legal finding or allegation of wrongdoing.

Official vs. preliminary data

• 2020, 2022 and 2024 results come from certified, official sources, such as state canvasses and FEC and EAC publications, unless a report says otherwise.
• 2026 results are unofficial. They come from state election-night reporting systems and other public tallies, captured at the time shown on each report. States are still counting mail, provisional, overseas and military ballots, and some counties haven't finished canvassing. Totals will change, sometimes noticeably, before certification.
• Where official data doesn't exist yet, we use the best available public source and name it. Examples: the 2026 national House vote aggregate and pre-election early-vote tallies. These are not official counts.
• Some figures can't be compiled yet at all, such as 2026 voter registration and primary turnout by state. Reports mark these as unavailable rather than estimating them.

How the data is sourced

• Every report lists its sources at the bottom of the page. County-level data comes with a notes file for each state, giving the exact source, the time it was captured, and how it was checked.
• We check county figures against independent statewide totals, and document any gap and its cause. We don't fabricate, interpolate or fill in missing numbers. If data isn't available, it's left blank and explained.
• Raw data files (CSV/JSON) are published alongside each report, so readers can verify or reuse them.

Known limitations

• Different measurements. States report results differently. Examples: party-line vs. candidate totals under fusion voting, ranked-choice first-round counts, jungle primaries, and town-level vs. county-level reporting. We note where this affects comparisons.
• Uncontested races. When a party had no candidate in one year, its vote change partly reflects simply appearing on the ballot. Affected counties are flagged.
• Redistricting. Some states redrew congressional maps between 2022 and 2026, so districts aren't directly comparable. County totals help, but don't fully remove this effect.
• Aggregate data has limits. Vote totals can show where vote counts changed. They can't show why: whether individual voters switched parties, stayed home or voted for the first time. That takes voter-file or survey research.
• Errors are possible. Data is gathered from many systems, some of it by automated collection. We validate it carefully, but mistakes in source data or our processing can happen.

Not advice

Content here is provided "as is" for informational purposes only. It isn't legal, financial or professional advice and shouldn't be relied on as the sole basis for any decision. For official results, consult the relevant state or county election authority.

Corrections and updates

Reports are updated as new counts and certified results become available, and the "as of" times on each page show what's current. If you find an error or a better source, email info@voterconfirm.com with the page, the figure in question and your source. Verified corrections will be made and noted.